Conditions

Athletes who rely heavily on throwing or overhead movements — such as pitchers, swimmers, or volleyball players — are particularly prone to shoulder and elbow injuries due to repetitive stress on tendons and ligaments. Meanwhile, contact sports or falls often

Athletes should seek evaluation from a hand or upper extremity specialist if they experience persistent pain, swelling, stiffness, numbness, or reduced grip strength after training or competition. Ignoring early symptoms can lead to more serious injuries, such as tendon ruptures,

Using the correct technique and equipment — such as proper grip size on racquets or adjusted throwing mechanics — also plays a key role. Gradually increasing training intensity and incorporating adequate rest days can prevent fatigue-related breakdowns.

Treatment depends on the nature and severity of the injury. For mild sprains, strains, and tendon inflammation, non-surgical options such as rest, physical therapy, anti-inflammatory medications, and bracing are often sufficient. Regenerative treatments, including platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or stem cell